Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: literature review and clinical case

D. A. Manaenkov; Манаенков Д. А.; A. B. Galitsyna; Галицына А. Б.; N. A. Falaleeva; Фалалеева Н. А.; V. A. Shuvaev; Шуваев В. А.; A. A. Vovchenko; Вовченко А. А.; S. A. Ivanov; Иванов С. А.

doi:10.17650/2782-3202-2024-4-4-100-106

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: literature review and clinical case

Authors: Manaenkov D.A.¹, Galitsyna A.B.¹^,2, Falaleeva N.A.¹^,2, Shuvaev V.A.¹^,2, Vovchenko A.A.¹, Ivanov S.A.¹^,2
Affiliations:
1. A.F. Tsyba Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia
2. Obninsk Institute of Atomic Energy – branch of the National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”
Issue: Vol 4, No 4 (2024)
Pages: 100-106
Section: RARE AND COMPLEX CLINICAL SITUATIONS: DIAGNOSIS AND SELECTION OF TREATMENT TACTICS
Published: 16.01.2025
URL: https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/163
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17650/2782-3202-2024-4-4-100-106
ID: 163

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Abstract

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis is a severe hyperinflammatory syndrome induced by aberrantly activated macrophages and cytotoxic.

T cells, the cause of which is most often infection. The article presents a clinical case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in a 34-year-old patient with a history of follicular lymphoma, who was treated at the A.F. Tsyba Medical Radiological Research Center. Six courses of R-CHOP were performed for follicular lymphoma with a complete response and further supportive therapy with rituximab. A month after the end of therapy, the patient complained of pain in his right side. According to morpho-immunohistochemical examination, the diagnosis of B-lymphoblastic lymphoma was established. Treatment according to the ALL-2016 protocol at the stage of consolidation III was complicated by a long period of three-stage cytopenia with the addition of sepsis. According to the results of an additional examination and assessment according to risk scales, the diagnosis of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was confirmed. After a few days of therapy with ruxolitinib, the general somatic status of the patient improved, blood parameters were restored and hematopoiesis was normalized according to myelogram data.

A generalized infectious process can be assumed as the cause of the development of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in this patient.

Keywords

oncology, hematology, lymphoma, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

About the authors

D. A. Manaenkov

A.F. Tsyba Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: manaenkov.00@inbox.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-9269-7405

Daniil Arturovich Manaenkov

4 Koroleva St., Obninsk, 249031

Russian Federation

A. B. Galitsyna

A.F. Tsyba Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia; Obninsk Institute of Atomic Energy – branch of the National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”

ORCID iD: 0009-0009-0188-8420

4 Koroleva St., Obninsk, 249031

1 Studgorodok Territory, Obninsk, 249039

Russian Federation