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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">MD-Onco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">MD-Onco</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>MD-Onco</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-3202</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6171</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">197</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2782-3202-2025-5-3-49-57</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW DIRECTIONS AND ADVANCEMENTS IN TREATMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL DISEASES IN THE CURRENT AGE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И УСПЕХИ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Differences in survival rates in patients with early breast cancer (cT1–2N0–1) with sentinel lymph node biopsy and lymphadenectomy</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Различия показателей выживаемости у больных ранним раком молочной железы (cT1–2N0–1) при биопсии сторожевого лимфатического узла и лимфаденэктомии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4970-5429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khakimova</surname><given-names>G. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хакимова</surname><given-names>Г. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1 Bogiston St., Tashkent 100070</p><p>223 Bogishamol St., Tashkent 100140</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100070 Ташкент, ул. Богистон, 1</p><p>100140 Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, 223</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0909-6278</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Reshetov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Решетов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 2, 8 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119991</p><p>Bld. 2, 11 Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991 Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p><p>119021 Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 2</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7141-2502</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Zikiryakhodjaev</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зикиряходжаев</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bld. 2, 11 Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p><p>3 2ndBotkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284</p><p>6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021 Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 2</p><p>125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p><p>117198 Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9491-0413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Khakimova</surname><given-names>Sh. G.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хакимова</surname><given-names>Ш. Г.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="UZ">Uzbekistan</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p>223 Bogishamol St., Tashkent 100140</p><p>3 2ndBotkinskiy Proezd, Moscow 125284</p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>100140 Ташкент, ул. Богишамол, 223</p><p>Россия, 125284 Москва, 2-й Боткинский пр-д, 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Tashkent city branch of the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Oncology and Radiology, Ministry of Health of Republic of Uzbekistan</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Ташкентский городской филиал Республиканского специализированного научно-практического медицинского центра онкологии и радиологии</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Department of Pediatric Oncology, Palliative Care, Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">кафедра детской онкологии, паллиативной помощи Ташкентского педиатрического медицинского института</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">L.L. Levshin Institute of Cluster Oncology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт кластерной онкологии им. проф. Л.Л. Левшина ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Department of Oncology, Radiotherapy and Reconstructive Surgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">кафедра онкологии, радиотерапии и реконструктивной хирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского ФГАОУ ВО Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff5"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">P.A. Hertsen Moscow Oncology Research Institute – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Московский научно-исследовательский онкологический институт им. П.А. Герцена – филиал ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff6"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia n. a. Patrice Lumumba</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>5</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-09-19"><day>19</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-09-19"><day>19</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2025, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2025, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/197">https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/197</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. The era of sentinel lymph node diagnostics has a vector of reducing surgical aggression in the area of regional lymph outflow. This was due to the studies that have been conducted, which have made it possible to understand that lymph node involvement is not always a call for removal of the entire lymphatic collector, as it does not affect the treatment results.Aim. To study the effects of sentinel lymph node biopsy and lymphadenectomy on survival rates in patients with primary operable breast cancer (сT0–2N0/N0–1).Materials and methods. The retrospective study included 524 women with ductal/lobular breast cancer stage I–IIB. Depending on the extent of surgical intervention on the lymphatic collector, patients were divided into the following groups: group 1, where sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed in 111 (21.2 %) patients; group 2, where axillary lymph node dissection was performed in 413 (78.8 %) patients (280 patients after sentinel lymph node biopsy).Results. The average follow-up time for patients was 61.3 ± 22.8 months (from 18.1 to 140 months, median 57.7 months). The median age was 51 [42.0; 61.0] years. Depending on the clinical stage according to TNM, the distribution of patients was as follows: T1N0M0 – 277 patients, T2N0M0 – 213, T1N1M0 – 3, T2N1M0 – 31. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 137 (26.2 %) patients. The frequency of neoadjuvant chemotherapy statistically significantly increased with increasing clinical stage, from 2.2 % (n = 6) for T1N0M0 to 100 % (n = 31) for T2N1M (p = 0.00001). Surgical treatment included sectoral resection in 50.6 % (n = 265) and radical mastectomy in 49.4 % (n = 259). Death occurred in 14 (2.7 %) patients, progression was detected in 36 (6.9 %) patients. The 5-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates in groups 1 and 2 did not differ significantly, amounting 98.2 ± 1.3 % versus 92.93 ± 1.6 % and 100 % versus 97.9 ± 0.9 %, respectively. The median overall survival and progression-free survival were not reached.Conclusion. In patients with T0–2N0/N0–1 breast cancer who underwent lymphadenectomy, overall survival and progression-free survival were not inferior to those who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Введение. Эпоха диагностики сторожевого лимфатического узла имеет вектор снижения хирургической агрессии в зоне регионарного лимфооттока. Такой подход сформировался благодаря проведенным исследованиям, которые позволили понять, что поражение лимфатического узла не всегда является основанием для удаления всего лимфатического коллектора, так как не влияет на результаты лечения.Цель исследования – изучить влияние биопсии сторожевого лимфатического узла и лимфаденэктомии на показатели выживаемости у пациенток с первично-операбельным раком молочной железы (T0–2N0/N0–1).Материалы и методы. В ретроспективное исследование были включены 524 пациентки с протоковым/дольковым раком молочной железы I–IIB стадии. В зависимости от объема хирургического вмешательства на лимфатическом коллекторе пациентки были разделены на 2 группы: 1-я группа – 111 (21,2 %) пациенток, которым выполнена биопсия сторожевых лимфатических узлов; 2-я группа – 413 (78,8 %) пациенток, которым выполняли аксиллярную лимфодиссекцию (из них 280 пациенток после биопсии сторожевого лимфатического узла).Результаты. Среднее время наблюдения за пациентками составило 61,3 ± 22,8 мес (от 18,1 до 140 мес, медиана 57,7 мес). Медиана возраста – 51 [42,0; 61,0] год. В зависимости от клинической стадии по системе TNM распределение пациенток было следующим: T1N0M0 – 277 пациенток, T2N0M0 – 213, T1N1M0 – 3, T2N1M0 – 31. Неоадъювантная химиотерапия была проведена 137 (26,2 %) пациенткам. Частота проведения неоадъювантной химиотерапии статистически значимо нарастала с увеличением клинической стадии: от 2,2 % (n = 6) при T1N0M0 до 100 % (n = 31) – при T2N1M (р = 0,00001). Хирургическое лечение выполнено в объеме секторальной резекции у 50,6 % пациенток (n = 265), радикальной мастэктомии – у 49,4 % (n = 259). Смерть наступила у 14 (2,7 %) пациенток, прогрессирование выявлено у 36 (6,9 %). Показатели 5-летней выживаемости без прогрессирования и общей выживаемости в 1-й и 2-й группах статистически значимо не различались, составив 98,2 ± 1,3 % против 92,93 ± 1,6 % и 100 % против 97,9 ± 0,9 % соответственно. Медианы общей выживаемости и выживаемости без прогрессирования не достигнуты.Заключение. У пациенток с диагнозом рака молочной железы T0–2N0/N0–1, которым была проведена лимфаденэктомия, общая выживаемость и выживаемость без прогрессирования не уступали показателям пациенток, которым выполнена биопсия сторожевого лимфатического узла. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>breast cancer</kwd><kwd>sentinel lymph node biopsy</kwd><kwd>lymphadenectomy</kwd><kwd>lymph node</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рак молочной железы</kwd><kwd>биопсия сторожевого лимфатического узла</kwd><kwd>лимфаденэктомия</kwd><kwd>лимфатический узел</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Bray F., Laversanne M., Sung H. et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2024;74(3):229–63. 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