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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">MD-Onco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">MD-Onco</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>MD-Onco</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-3202</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6171</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">221</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2782-3202-2026-6-1-42-47</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW APPROACHES AND SUCCESSES IN TREATMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS AT THE CURRENT STAGE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И УСПЕХИ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ БОЛЬНЫХ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">False positive PET-CT result after treatment of a patient with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Clinical case</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Ложноположительный результат ПЭТ-КТ после лечения больной диффузной В-крупноклеточной лимфомой. Клинический случай</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6911-3322</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vovchenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вовченко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galitsyna.anastaisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0188-8420</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Galitsyna</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галицына</surname><given-names>Анастасия Борисовна</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galitsyna.anastaisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6798-6076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Danilenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даниленко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galitsyna.anastaisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0023-4216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Falaleeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фалалеева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galitsyna.anastaisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3536-0770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuvaev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шуваев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galitsyna.anastaisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7458-0269</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Terekhova</surname><given-names>A. Y.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терехова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galitsyna.anastaisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3094-6038</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Manaenkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манаенков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galitsyna.anastaisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-6032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galitsyna.anastaisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8784-8415</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaprin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каприн</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>galitsyna.anastaisha@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering – branch of the National Research Nuclear University MEPHI</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Обнинский институт атомной энергетики – филиал ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">MD-Onco</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>42</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-29"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-29"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/221">https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/221</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET-СT) to determine the initial stage and assess response to treatment in aggressive lymphomas is considered the standard. Evaluation of bone marrow infiltration in PET-CT with <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose usually allows to distinguish normal regenerating bone marrow after chemotherapy by its characteristic absorption.</p> <p>A 54-year-old patient was diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with focal lesions in the lymph nodes and bone marrow with osteodestruction of the lytic type. Therapy at the A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center consisted of 6 cycles of R-EPOCH with intrathecal administration of drugs for the prevention of neuroleukemia (dexamethasone + cytarabine + methotrexate), completed in December 2022. On intermediate PET-CT after 2 cycles, the glycolysis intensity was completely normalized. During the observation in February 2023, PET-CT showed an increase in the level of metabolism in one of the foci of osteodestruction in the pelvic bones. A guided biopsy of the lesion in March 2023 was performed, morphological conclusion: absence of signs of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, elements of hematopoiesis of the bone marrow. In June 2023, repeated PET-CT showed continuing increase in contrast accumulation in the previously identified foci. Trephine biopsy in July 2023 showed a picture of hematopoietic foci in the bone marrow, a sign of remission. PET-CT scan in December 2023 showed a decrease in the intensity of glycolysis in the foci in the pelvic bones confirming remission of the disease.</p> <p>In the era of rituximab, false-positive PET-CT results are detected with greater frequency, therefore, their assessment and correct interpretation, as well as additional clarification using other available techniques, are necessary in modern clinical practice to choose tactics for further therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Использование позитронно-эмиссионной томографии, совмещенной с компьютерной томографией (ПЭТ-КТ), с <sup>18</sup>F-фтордезокси-глюкозой (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG) для определения исходной стадии и оценки ответа на лечение при агрессивных лимфомах считается стандартом. Метод позволяет установить поражение костного мозга.</p> <p>В статье приведено описание клинического случая: пациентка, 54 лет, с диагнозом «диффузная В-крупноклеточная лимфома с поражением над- и подключичных лимфатических узлов и костного мозга с очаговым типом поглощения радиофармпрепарата и остеодеструкцией литического типа». Пациентка получила терапию в Медицинском радиологическом научном центре им. А.Ф. Цыба – 6 циклов R-EPOCH с интратекальным введением препаратов в целях профилактики нейролейкемии (дексаметазон + цитарабин + метотрексат); терапия завершена в декабре 2022 г. При промежуточной ПЭТ-КТ после 2 циклов получена полная нормализация накопления <sup>18</sup>F-FDG в опухолевых очагах. Для заключительного контроля эффективности лечения в феврале 2023 г. пациентке проведена ПЭТ-КТ, по результатам которой установлена картина повышения уровня метаболизма в одном из очагов остеодеструкции в костях таза. В марте 2023 г. выполнена направленная биопсия очага, морфологическое заключение – отсутствие признаков диффузной В-крупноклеточной лимфомы, появление элементов кроветворения костного мозга. В июне 2023 г. проведена повторная ПЭТ-КТ с картиной продолжающегося повышения накопления <sup>18</sup>F-FDG в ранее выявленном очаге. Результаты трепанобиопсии в июле 2023 г.: картина очагов кроветворения в костном мозге, констатация ремиссии. Результаты ПЭТ-КТ в декабре 2023 г.: уменьшение интенсивности гликолиза в очаге в костях таза, подтверждающее ремиссию заболевания.</p> <p>Ложноположительные результаты ПЭТ-КТ в эпоху ритуксимаба стали выявляться с большей частотой, поэтому их оценка и правильная трактовка, а также дополнительное уточнение с помощью иных доступных методов необходимы в современной клинической практике для выбора тактики дальнейшей терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oncology</kwd><kwd>oncohematology</kwd><kwd>diffuse large B-cell lymphoma</kwd><kwd>lymphoma</kwd><kwd>non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma</kwd><kwd>PET-CT</kwd><kwd>false positive PET-CT</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>онкология</kwd><kwd>онкогематология</kwd><kwd>диффузная В-крупноклеточная лимфома</kwd><kwd>лимфома</kwd><kwd>неходжкинская лимфома</kwd><kwd>ПЭТ-КТ</kwd><kwd>ложноположительная ПЭТ-КТ</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Chihara D., Nastoupil L.J., Williams J.N. et al. 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