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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">MD-Onco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">MD-Onco</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>MD-Onco</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-3202</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6171</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">222</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2782-3202-2026-6-1-48-56</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW APPROACHES AND SUCCESSES IN TREATMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS AT THE CURRENT STAGE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И УСПЕХИ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ БОЛЬНЫХ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">The role of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in reducing complications of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with hematologic malignancies: review and single-center experience</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль агонистов рецептора тромбопоэтина в снижении осложнений тромбоцитопении, индуцированной химиотерапией, у пациентов с гемобластозами: обзор и собственные данные</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0829-871X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Podenok</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поденок</surname><given-names>Алексей Владимирович</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>matchamomilla@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9269-7405</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Manaenkov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Манаенков</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>matchamomilla@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0023-4216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Falaleeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фалалеева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>matchamomilla@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3536-0770</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Shuvaev</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шуваев</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>matchamomilla@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6911-3322</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Vovchenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вовченко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>matchamomilla@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Медицинский радиологический научный центр им. А.Ф. Цыба – филиал ФГБУ «НМИЦ радиологии» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering – branch of the National Research Nuclear University MEPHI</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Обнинский институт атомной энергетики – филиал ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-04-08" publication-format="electronic"><day>08</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en">MD-Onco</issue-title><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-03-29"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-03-29"><day>29</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/222">https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/222</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background.</bold> Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is one of the most common and clinically significant complications of anticancer therapy. It limits the ability to maintain planned chemotherapy dose intensity, increases the risk of hemorrhagic complications, and leads to a higher demand for platelet transfusions. Given the limited efficacy and availability of transfusion support, the development of pharmacological approaches for CIT management is of high clinical relevance. Thrombopoietin receptor agonists, including avatrombopag, represent a promising strategy in supportive cancer care.</p> <p><bold>Aim.</bold> To evaluate the efficacy and clinical relevance of prophylactic avatrombopag use in patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> This observational study included 9 patients (4 males and 5 females) with oncological diseases who developed thrombocytopenia &lt; 100 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L after a previous chemotherapy cycle. The median age was 52 years (range 27–68). Avatrombopag was administered prophylactically after completion of chemotherapy at a dose of 40 mg/day (20 mg twice daily) for 5 or 10 days, depending on the severity of thrombocytopenia. The following parameters were analyzed: nadir platelet count during the inter-cycle period, incidence of hemorrhagic events, requirement for platelet transfusions, and duration of delay of the subsequent chemotherapy cycle.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> During avatrombopag administration, the median nadir platelet count remained unchanged at 10 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L; however, a marked increase up to 79 × 10<sup>9</sup>/L was observed in some patients. The incidence of hemorrhagic complications decreased from 55 to 11 %. The median number of platelet transfusions was reduced from 3 to 2 units. A significant reduction in chemotherapy delays was observed, with the median delay decreasing from 11 to 0 days. No avatrombopag-related adverse events were reported.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> Prophylactic use of avatrombopag in patients with chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia was associated with a reduced incidence of bleeding complications, decreased need for platelet transfusions, and fewer delays in subsequent chemotherapy cycles. Despite the limited sample size, these findings support the clinical value of avatrombopag as a supportive therapy and warrant further prospective studies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение.</bold> Тромбоцитопения, индуцированная химиотерапией (chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia, CIT), – одно из наиболее частых и клинически значимых осложнений противоопухолевого лечения. Она ограничивает возможность соблюдения запланированной дозовой интенсивности химиотерапии, повышает риск геморрагических осложнений и увеличивает потребность в трансфузиях тромбоцитного концентрата. В связи с ограниченной эффективностью и доступностью трансфузионной терапии актуальным является поиск фармакологических методов коррекции CIT. Агонисты рецепторов тромбопоэтина, в частности аватромбопаг, представляют собой перспективное направление поддерживающей терапии.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования </bold>– оценить эффективность и клиническую значимость профилактического применения аватромбопага у пациентов с CIT.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы.</bold> В наблюдательное исследование включены 9 пациентов (4 мужчины и 5 женщин) с онкологическими заболеваниями, у которых после предыдущего курса химиотерапии развилась тромбоцитопения &lt; 100 × 10<sup>9</sup>/л. Медиана возраста пациентов составила 52 (27–68) года. Аватромбопаг назначали профилактически после завершения курса химиотерапии в дозе 40 мг/сут (20 мг 2 раза в сутки) в течение 5 или 10 дней в зависимости от глубины тромбоцитопении. Оценивали минимальный уровень тромбоцитов в межкурсовом периоде, частоту геморрагического синдрома, потребность в трансфузиях тромбоцитного концентрата и длительность отсрочки следующего курса химиотерапии.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> На фоне применения аватромбопага медиана минимального уровня тромбоцитов не изменилась и составила 10 × 10<sup>9</sup>/л, однако у части пациентов отмечалось выраженное повышение уровня тромбоцитов до 79 × 10<sup>9</sup>/л. Частота геморрагического синдрома снизилась с 55 до 11 %. Медиана потребности в трансфузиях тромбоцитного концентрата уменьшилась с 3 до 2 доз. Существенно сократилось число отсрочек очередного курса химиотерапии: медиана длительности отсрочки снизилась с 11 до 0 дней. Нежелательных явлений, связанных с применением аватромбопага, не зарегистрировано.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> Профилактическое применение аватромбопага у пациентов с CIT способствует снижению частоты геморрагических осложнений, уменьшению потребности в трансфузиях тромбоцитов и сокращению отсрочек проведения очередных курсов химиотерапии. Несмотря на ограниченный размер выборки, полученные данные подтверждают клиническую значимость аватромбопага как средства поддерживающей терапии и обосновывают необходимость дальнейших проспективных исследований.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia</kwd><kwd>avatrombopag</kwd><kwd>thrombopoietin receptor agonist</kwd><kwd>platelets</kwd><kwd>supportive care</kwd><kwd>oncology</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>индуцированная химиотерапией</kwd><kwd>аватромбопаг</kwd><kwd>агонист рецепторов тромбопоэтина</kwd><kwd>тромбоциты</kwd><kwd>поддерживающая терапия</kwd><kwd>онкология</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Al-Samkari H., Soff G.A. Clinical challenges and promising therapies for chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. Expert Rev Hematol 2021;14(5):437–48. 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