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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">MD-Onco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">MD-Onco</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>MD-Onco</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-3202</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6171</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">232</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2782-3202-2026-6-2-24-32</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>NEW APPROACHES AND SUCCESSES IN TREATMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS AT THE CURRENT STAGE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НОВЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И УСПЕХИ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ БОЛЬНЫХ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Robot-assisted retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for stage IIA–IIB testicular germ cell tumor</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Робот-ассистированная забрюшинная лимфаденэктомия при герминогенной опухоли яичка IIА–IIВ стадий</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6883-777X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mamizhev</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мамижев</surname><given-names>Э. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4447-9458</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8067-9150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantseva</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Melikov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меликов</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Krotov</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кротов</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorlin</surname><given-names>P. M.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горлин</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3850-7109</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Nosov</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Носов</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><email>mamijev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">City Clinical Oncology Dispensary, Saint Petersburg</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">СПб ГБУЗ «Городской клинический онкологический диспансер», Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University Hospital</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Клиника высоких медицинских технологий им. Н.И. Пирогова ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2026-08-21" publication-format="electronic"><day>21</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>2</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-05-11"><day>11</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2026, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2026, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/232">https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/232</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Background. </bold>For a long time, open retroperitoneal lymph node dissection remained the gold standard for the treatment of testicular germ cell tumors. A minimally invasive approach using endoscopic technologies made it possible to solve a number of problems reducing surgical risks for the patient and the perioperative burden for the operating team. Due to the widespread use of robotic surgery in urology, robot-assisted retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RA-RPLND) has been gaining popularity since its introduction. However, in Russian practice, there are still no published data regarding the discussed technique.</p> <p><bold>Materials and methods.</bold> At the N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, a total of 70 RA-RPLND were performed between June 2022 and May 2025. The requirements for RA-RPLND were: testicular germ cell tumors IA–IIA; residual tumor of the retroperitoneal space before the start of systemic chemotherapy &lt; 4 cm in diameter or visualized retroperitoneal lymph nodes up to 2 cm in patients who did not undergo polychemotherapy; normal levels of serum tumor markers (<italic>α</italic>-fetoprotein, <italic>β</italic>-human chorionic gonadotropin, lactate dehydrogenase). The operations were performed using the da Vinci Xi robot-assisted surgical system. All patients were treated according to the early rehabilitation program using the ERAS system (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery). Lymph nodes, testicular germ cell tumors risk factors, intra- and postoperative parameters were evaluated. Functional results were also assessed.</p> <p><bold>Results.</bold> Mean number of lymph nodes was 30 ± 12. Mean operative time was 209 ± 62 minutes, median intraoperative blood loss was 100 mL, and mean hospital stay was 9 ± 3 days. No perioperative transfusion was required. There were 16 early and no late complications in the postoperative period. Histological examination revealed the following: necrosis in 25 (35.7 %) patients, fibrosis in 3 (4.3 %) patients, mature teratoma in 4 (5.7 %) patients, and viable tumor in 4 (5.7 %) patients. The median postoperative follow-up was 14.8 months. Antegrade ejaculation was achieved in 32.9 % of patients after RA-RPLND. In one patient, ejaculatory status could not be assessed due to erectile dysfunction. Retrograde ejaculation was observed in 47 (67.1 %) patients.</p> <p><bold>Conclusion.</bold> RA-RPLND has significant advantages over traditional approaches, including being less invasive, shorter recovery time, and reduced risk of complications. It is necessary to study the long-term results of RA-RPLND in terms of patient survival and quality of life, as well as to develop new technologies aimed at increasing the efficacy and availability of this method.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Введение. </bold>На протяжении долгого времени открытая забрюшинная лимфаденэктомия оставалась «золотым стандартом» лечения герминогенных опухолей яичка. Малоинвазивный подход с использованием эндовидеотехнологий позволил решить ряд задач, связанных со снижением операционных рисков для пациента и периоперационной нагрузки для операционной бригады. За счет широкого распространения роботизированной хирургии в урологии робот-ассистированная забрюшинная лимфаденэктомия (РА-ЗЛАЭ) стала набирать популярность с момента внедрения. Однако в отечественной практике до сих пор отсутствуют опубликованные данные касательно обсуждаемой техники.</p> <p><bold>Цель исследования</bold> – изучить результаты РА-ЗЛАЭ у пациентов с герминогенными опухолями яичка IIA–IIB стадий.</p> <p><bold>Материалы и методы. </bold>На базе НМИЦ онкологии им. Н.Н. Петрова в период с июня 2022 г. по май 2025 г. выполнено 70 РА-ЗЛАЭ. Показанием к РА-ЗЛАЭ служили герминогенные опухоли яичка IIA–IIB стадий; резидуальная опухоль забрюшинного пространства до начала системной химиотерапии &lt; 4 см в диаметре либо визуализируемые забрюшинные лимфатические узлы до 2 см у пациентов, которым не проводили полихимиотерапию; нормальные уровни сывороточных опухолевых маркеров (<italic>α</italic>-фетопротеина, <italic>β</italic>-хорионического гонадотропина человека, лактатдегидрогеназы). Операции проводили с использованием хирургической робот-ассистированной системы da Vinci Xi. Все пациенты пролечены согласно программе ранней реабилитации по системе ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery, ускоренное восстановление после операции). Выполнена оценка лимфатических узлов, факторов риска герминогенной опухоли яичка, интра- и послеоперационных показателей. Также проведена оценка функциональных результатов.</p> <p><bold>Результаты.</bold> Среднее количество лимфатических узлов составило 30 ± 12; средняя продолжительность операции 209 ± 62 мин; медиана объема интраоперационной кровопотери 100 мл; средняя продолжительность пребывания в стационаре 9 ± 3 сут. Ни в одном случае периоперационной трансфузии не потребовалось. В послеоперационном периоде возникли 16 ранних осложнений, поздних осложнений не зарегистрировано. По результатам гистологического исследования у 25 (35,7 %) пациентов выявлен некроз, у 3 (4,3 %) – фиброз, у 4 (5,7 %) – зрелая тератома, у 4 (5,7 %) – жизнеспособная опухоль. Медиана времени послеоперационного наблюдения составила 14,8 мес. Антеградная эякуляция достигнута у 32,9 % пациентов после РА-ЗЛАЭ. У 1 пациента эякуляторный статус не удалось оценить из-за эректильной дисфункции. Ретроградная эякуляция наблюдалась у 47 (67,1 %) пациентов.</p> <p><bold>Заключение.</bold> РА-ЗЛАЭ обладает значительными преимуществами в сравнении с традиционными подходами, включая меньшую инвазивность, сокращение времени восстановления и снижение риска осложнений. Требуются изучение долгосрочных результатов РА-ЗЛАЭ в виде показателей выживаемости и качества жизни пациентов, а также разработка новых технологий, направленных на повышение эффективности и доступности данного метода.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>robotic surgical procedure</kwd><kwd>testicular germ cell tumor</kwd><kwd>retroperitoneal lymph node dissection</kwd><kwd>ejaculatory function</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>робот-ассистированная хирургия</kwd><kwd>герминогенная опухоль</kwd><kwd>забрюшинная лимфаденэктомия</kwd><kwd>эякуляторная функция</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Williams S.B., McDermott D.W., Winston D. et al. Morbidity of open retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for testicular cancer: contemporary perioperative data. BJU Int 2010;105(7):918–21. 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