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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" article-type="other" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">MD-Onco</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">MD-Onco</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>MD-Onco</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2782-3202</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2782-6171</issn><publisher><publisher-name xml:lang="en">Publishing House ABV Press</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">47</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17650/2782-3202-2022-2-3-59-64</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORETICAL AND DISCUSSIBLE ASPECTS IN ONCOLOGY</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ И ДИСКУТАБЕЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ В ОНКОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="article-type"><subject></subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="en">Possibilities of using statins in comprehensive antitumor treatment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возможности применения статинов в комплексном противоопухолевом лечении</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4091-382X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafin</surname><given-names>R. N.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафин</surname><given-names>Р. Н.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><address><country country="RU">Russian Federation</country></address><bio xml:lang="en"><p><bold>Rustam N. Mustafin </bold></p><p><italic>3 Lenina St., Ufa 450008</italic></p></bio><bio xml:lang="ru"><p><bold>Рустам Наилевич Мустафин </bold></p><p><italic>450008 Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3 </italic></p></bio><email>ruji79@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Bashkir State Medical University</institution></aff><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-10-13" publication-format="electronic"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>3</issue><issue-title xml:lang="en"/><issue-title xml:lang="ru"/><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>64</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-10-13"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-10-13"><day>13</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></date></history><permissions><copyright-statement xml:lang="en">Copyright ©; 2022, ABV-Press</copyright-statement><copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">Copyright ©; 2022, АБВ-пресс</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ABV-Press</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">АБВ-пресс</copyright-holder><ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/><license><ali:license_ref xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/">https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicies</ali:license_ref></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/47">https://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/47</self-uri><abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Frequency of atherosclerosis significantly increases with age, same as malignant tumor morbidity. Concurrent pathology (including in the cardiovascular system) affects selection of antitumor treatment limiting use of cardiotoxic (though highly effective) drugs. Statins are the main treatment for atherosclerosis but their study showed that regulation of cholesterol metabolism affects functioning of tumor cells. According to the results of clinical trial meta-analyses, regular use of statins decreases mortality in patients with bladder, prostate, renal, ovarian, lung, breast, and colorectal cancer both due to decreased risk of cardiovascular complications and increased effectiveness of antitumor drugs. In some studies, decreased risk of liver, esophageal, endometrial, renal, gastric, and pancreatic cancers was observed in patients taking statins. Antitumor effects of statins are supposedly mediated by decreased cholesterol production which is used by tumor cells for functioning and membrane synthesis. Additionally, statins inactivate RAS and RHO oncogenes by suppressing their isoprenylation, inhibit proliferation of tumor cells. Statins also contribute to activation of antitumor immunity, increased ferroptosis and autophagy. Statins activate apoptosis by interacting with mitochondrial procaspase 9, inhibit expression of toll-like receptors (TLR4), NF-κB, tumor necrosis factor α, interleukins 1β and 6, suppress the mTOR pathway. Therefore, multifaceted direct and indirect antitumor effects of statins show that these pharmaceuticals should be more intently considered as a component of antitumor therapy.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Частота встречаемости атеросклероза значительно растет с увеличением возраста, равно как и заболеваемость злокачественными новообразованиями. Сопутствующая патология (в том числе и со стороны сердечно-сосудистой системы) влияет на выбор программы противоопухолевого лечения, ограничивая применение кардиотоксичных (но высокоэффективных) лекарственных препаратов. Статины занимают основное место в лечении атеросклероза, но по мере изучения механизма их действия стало понятно, что регуляция обмена холестерина влияет на процессы жизнедеятельности опухолевой клетки. Согласно результатам метаанализов клинических исследований, регулярное употребление статинов снижает уровень смертности у больных раком мочевого пузыря, предстательной железы, почки, яичников, легкого и молочной железы, колоректальным раком как за счет уменьшения риска сердечно-сосудистых осложнений, так и благодаря усилению эффекта противоопухолевых препаратов. В ряде исследований отмечено снижение риска развития рака печени, пищевода, эндометрия, почки, желудка и поджелудочной железы в группе больных, принимающих статины. Противоопухолевые эффекты статинов, вероятно, обусловлены снижением синтеза холестерина, который используется опухолевыми клетками для полноценного функционирования и синтеза их мембран. Кроме того, статины инактивируют онкогены RAS и RHO вследствие подавления их изопренилирования, ингибируют пролиферацию опухолевых клеток. Отмечена роль статинов в активации противоопухолевого иммунитета, усилении ферроптоза и аутофагии. Статины активируют апоптоз, воздействуя на прокаспазу-9 митохондрий, ингибируют экспрессию toll-подобных рецепторов (TLR4), NF-κB, фактора некроза опухоли α, интерлейкинов 1β и 6, подавляют путь mTOR. Таким образом, многогранные прямые и опосредованные противоопухолевые эффекты статинов убеждают в необходимости более внимательно рассмотреть данную группу препаратов в качестве компонента противоопухолевой терапии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autophagy</kwd><kwd>malignant tumor</kwd><kwd>mevalonate pathway</kwd><kwd>oncogenes</kwd><kwd>solid tumors</kwd><kwd>statins</kwd><kwd>cholesterol</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аутофагия</kwd><kwd>злокачественные новообразования</kwd><kwd>мевалонатный путь</kwd><kwd>онкогены</kwd><kwd>солидные опухоли</kwd><kwd>статины</kwd><kwd>холестерин</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group/></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Rea I.M., Gibson D.S., McGilligan V. et al. Age and age-related diseases: role of inflammation triggers and cytokines. Front Immunol 2018;9:586. 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