MD-OncoMD-OncoMD-Onco2782-32022782-6171Publishing House ABV Press6110.17650/2782-3202-2023-3-1-30-37NEW APPROACHES AND SUCCESSES IN TREATMENT OF ONCOLOGICAL PATIENTS AT THE CURRENT STAGEНОВЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ И УСПЕХИ В ЛЕЧЕНИИ ОНКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ БОЛЬНЫХ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕSerrated colonic lesions. Current reviewЗубчатые образования толстой кишки. Актуальный обзорhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6850-6919VereshchakV. V.ВерещакВ. В.
Russian Federation

Valeriya Vadimovna Vereshchak

111 1st Uspenskoe Shosse, Lapino, Moscow region 143081

4 Kolomenskiy proezd, Moscow 115446

Валерия Вадимовна Верещак

143081 Московская обл., д. Лапино, 1-е Успенское шоссе, 111

115446 Москва, Коломенский проезд, 4

vvvereshchak@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1345-041XIurichevI. N.ЮричевИ. Н.
Russian Federation

111 1st Uspenskoe Shosse, Lapino, Moscow region 143081

143081 Московская обл., д. Лапино, 1-е Успенское шоссе, 111

Clinical Hospital “Lapino” of the “Mother and Child” Group of companiesКлинический госпиталь «Лапино» группы компаний «Мать и дитя»S.S.Yudin City Clinical Hospital of the Moscow Healthcare DepartmentГБУЗ г. Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. С.С. Юдина Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»160320233130371503202315032023Copyright ©; 2023, ABV-PressCopyright ©; 2023, АБВ-пресс2023ABV-PressАБВ-прессhttps://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/about/editorialPolicieshttps://mdonco.abvpress.ru/jour/article/view/61

Serrated lesions, as a rule, were considered benign and were likened to hyperplastic polyps by anatomists and gastroenterologists. These views persisted until about 2010. However, recent data showed that serrated lesions can potentially transform into colorectal cancer (CRC). The World Health Organization classification identifies 4 categories of serrated lesions: hyperplastic polyps, sessile serrated lesions, traditional serrated adenoma and unclassified serrated adenomas. Sessile serrated lesions with dysplasia and traditional serrated adenomas are the most common precursors of CRC. Development of CRC from serrated lesions occurs through two different molecular pathways, namely, sporadic microsatellite instability and CpG island methylator phenotype, and the latter is considered the main mechanism inactivating serrated CRC pathway. In contrast to adenoma–carcinoma pathway, APC-inactivating mutations are rare in serrated adenomas.

Зубчатые образования, как правило, считались безобидными и приравнивались патологоанатомами и гастроэнтерологами к гиперпластическим полипам. Такие представления существовали приблизительно до 2010 г. Однако недавние данные показали, что зубчатые образования потенциально могут перерасти в колоректальный рак (КРР). В классификации Всемирной организации здравоохранения выделены 4 категории зубчатых поражений: гиперпластические полипы, сидячие зубчатые поражения, традиционная зубчатая аденома и неклассифицированные зубчатые аденомы. Сидячие зубчатые поражения с дисплазией и традиционные зубчатые аденомы являются наиболее распространенными предшественниками КРР. КРР, развивающийся на фоне зубчатых образований, возникает двумя различными молекулярными путями, а именно за счет спорадической микросателлитной нестабильности и фенотипа метилирования островков CpG, причем последний рассматривается как основной механизм, который инактивирует зубчатый путь КРР. В отличие от пути аденома–карцинома, APC-инактивирующие мутации редко проявляются при зубчатых аденомах.

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